T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s

Front cover

Dedication

Foreword

Acknowledgements

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

Manned Submersibles Defined

A field in Flux

Vehicle Status

Terminology and Units

General and Specific Publications of Interest

Soviet Bloc Submersibles

The “Manned” Aspects of Submersibles

2. DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONSÂ

Environmental Constraints

Vehicle Performance Requirements

Human Considerations

Emergency Procedures

Support Requirements

The DEEP QUEST Submersible System

3. CONTEMPORARY SUBMERSIBLE DEVELOPMENT

Bathysphere to Bathyscaph

Pre – and Post – THRESHER

Oceanographic Climate of the Mid – Sixties

Vehicles for Any Occasion

A More Conservative Approach – The 1970’s

4. MANNED SUBMERSIBLES: 1948 – 1974Â

Dimensional / Performance Terms

Components / Sub-Systems Terms

Submersibles Described

[ Index of submersibles ]

5. PRESSURE HULLS AND EXOSTRUCTURESÂ

Pressure Hulls

Shapes

Materials

Fabrication

Hull Penetrations

External Structures

Exostructures

Fairings

Pressure Testing

Pressure Test Facilities

Pressure Hull Measurements and Tests

Corrosion and Its Control

6. BALLASTING AND TRIM SYSTEMS

Weight and Volume Estimates

Compressed Air and Deballasting

Ballasting Systems

Trim Systems

7. POWER AND ITS DISTRIBUTIONÂ

Manual Power

Pneumatic Power

Electric Power

Batteries

Fuel Cells

Nuclear Power

Cable-To-Surface

Diesel-Electric

Power Distribution

Penetrators

Connectors

Cables

Junction Boxes

Interference

8. MANEUVERABILITY AND CONTROLÂ

Propulsion

Maneuvering

Motors

Drag Forces

Propulsion Power Requirements

Control Devices

9. LIFE SUPPORT AND HABITABILITY

Life Support

Life SupportReplenishment

Removal

Control

Monitoring

Philosophical Approach

K-250

BEN FRANKLIN

Habitability

Psychological Aspects

10. OPERATIONAL EQUIPMENTS, NAVIGATION, MANIPULATORSÂ

Equipment

Environmental

Depth

Speed

Pitch / Roll

Communications

Navigation

Surface Tracking

Submerged Navigation

Homing

Manipulators

Power

Design / Capabilities

Claws

Control

11. SCIENTIFIC AND WORK EQUIPMENTÂ

Constraints on Submersible Instruments

Survey Instruments

Research Instruments

Engineering / Inspection / Salvage

12. SEA AND SHORE SUPPORT

Transportation

Support Platforms

Launch / Retrieval Methods

In Use

Conceptual

Lift Hooks

Towing

Personnel and Shore Facilities

13. CERTIFICATION, CLASSIFICATION, REQUIREMENTS

Potential Hazards

System Hazards

Material and Subsystems Failures

Instruments Failures

Operator Failures

Launch / Retrieval Failures

Environmental Hazards

Natural

Man-Made

U.S. Navy Certification

Material Adequacy

Operator Competency

Operational Safety

American Bureau of Shipping Classification

U.S. Coast Guard Requirements

Search and Rescue Responsibility

MARSAP

Insurance

14. EMERGENCY DEVICES AND PROCEDURES

Emergency Avoidance Systems

Emergency Corrective Systems (Submerged)

Emergency Systems (Surfaced)

Devices to Assist Underwater Rescue

15. EMERGENCY INCIDENTS AND THE POTENTIAL FOR RESCUE

Incidents

Rescue Potential – Underwater Transfer

DEEP SUBMERGENCE RESCUE VEHICLES

Submarine Rescue Chamber

Rescue Potential – Retrieval

Ambient Divers

Manned Submersibles

Unmanned Vehicles

Time-Late

PISCES III Incident

APPENDICES:

I Conversion Factors

II Submersible Vehicle Safety Act

III SEA OTTER Pre – and Post – Dive Checklist

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AND TERMS

CORPORATE INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX (facsimilar)

SUBJECT INDEX (hyperlinks)

ADDENDUM